Grammatical "Fanqlat" Shifts in the Mean-ings and Characteristics of Certain Particles According to Nadhir al-Jaysh (D.778 AH) in His Book: "Tamhid al-Qawa'id bi Sharh Tashil Al-Fawa'id"

Abstract

 Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah, and after: When the influence of accents spread among the Arabs and non-Arabs who embraced Islam, people's tongues became mixed, and this quickly became evident in the recitation of the Quran. The accents and inclinations in its recitation became clear, leading to a sense of protectiveness over the religion to preserve its proper recitation. Scholars thus began to provide explanations related to grammar and language sciences in general. Each scholar had their own style of explanation and argumentation, leading to the emergence of a style known as "the style of al-fanqalah",  which is considered one of the strongest methods of response and argumentation, and of firmly establishing the information in the mind of the recipient. This style involves a precise problem followed by a well-researched answer. This style is evident in Nazir Al-Jaysh in his book: " Tmhid Al-Qawaeid Bisharh Tshil  Al-Fawaeid " ,as almost every section or chapter includes this style, represented by conditional clauses and the phrase "if it is said". Therefore, the focus of this study is on this style in general, and its specific usage by Nazir al-Jaysh in the meanings and characteristics of letters. Hence, the research is titled " The Grammatical  Fanqlat  In Some Meanings Of Letters  And Their Characteristics  According To  Nazir Al-Jaysh (d.778 AH) In His Book: " Tmhid Al-Qawaeid Bisharh Tshil Al-Fawaeid ", in order to demonstrate Nazir al-Jaysh's use of this style in posing and answering questions, or in responding to any problem or doubter.